Check the Weather before your Leave on your Trip
Regardless of where your backcountry treks take you, you should always anticipate any potential hazards that you may encounter. So, before embarking on your journey, check the weather conditions of the area you’re planning to visit. If you are caught, for example, in an unexpected rainstorm, stay away from open fields and isolated trees, both which are magnets for lightning strikes.
Always Carry Rain Gear
As a sudden change in the weather can occur frequently in backcountry locations, make sure you are well-prepared to meet a shift in the climate by packing rain gear and wearing sturdy, water-resistant boots.
Don’t Drink from Streams unless you Filter the Water First
Staying safe on the trail also means carrying plenty of bottled water. Water filters are available that make backcountry water potable to drink as well. Although it may appear refreshing and inviting, don’t drink the water from a stream as any untreated water should be considered unsafe. Again, just make sure that the water you have at your disposal is consumable and will keep you sufficiently hydrated while you’re on the trail.
Stay Hydrated
To maintain your energy level and keep from succumbing to warm weather sicknesses like heat exhaustion or heat stroke, you should drink two to four quarts of water per day, depending on your activity level and elevation. Drink at least 8 to 16 ounces of water before hiking and drink water during your hike as well. Avoid cola drinks, coffee, and alcohol and take breaks in shaded areas when possible.
Hypothermia
Protect yourself from the sun by wearing clothing that is lightly colored as well as loose and lightweight. Be on guard against hypothermia. The condition occurs when the body cannot produce enough heat to keep it from chilling. In turn, the body temperature drops, which, if left untreated, can result in a life-threatening situation or even death.
Hypothermia often occurs when the victim perspires in a cold environment. Wind chill temperatures registering below 10 degrees Celsius or 50 degrees Fahrenheit often contribute to the development of the condition. Symptoms can include shivering, exhaustion, drowsiness, and forgetfulness. To prevent hypothermia make sure you stay hydrated and keep your skin and clothing dry.
Watch for Snakes on the Trail
Snakes can be a safety hazard on the trail, especially in the warm weather months. Be especially alert when you are going through areas containing underbrush as the reptiles love these areas. Wearing rugged hiking boots and staying on cleared paths should help prevent any mishaps or injuries with this guys.
Protecting yourself from Mountain Lions
In some areas you can come across mountain lions, particularly if you choose to trek over certain wilderness paths in the Rockies. If you do meet up with one of the big cats, don’t run from the animal. Otherwise, he might chase you. Instead, make yourself look larger by opening your jacket widely or raising your arms. Don’t crouch down or turn around either as it sends a message that you are an easy mark. If the cat attacks, throw dirt in its eyes or make use of your walking stick or trekking poles to defend yourself. When a cat attacks, it's basically a fight to the death. Either the cat or you isn't walking away.

Keep Away from Poison Oak and Poison Ivy
Quite a bit less threatening, be careful of poison oak if you are hiking in the higher elevations. You can identify the plant in the summer by its green, waxy leaves that feature three lobes.
